(10,1528) = 5.11, P Table 5 Overall tick burden and tick burden by categories of the temperature-humidity index (means ± standard errors) in four Colombian cattle breeds
Dialogue
There is a scant level of studies about literature on tick burden in cows having tropical nations regarding Americas. Most studies on this question was done in subtropical places such as for example Southern area Africa [8, 15], countries with extreme high temperature such as Egypt and you will Pakistan , and several exotic regions such Tanzania and you may Nigeria . Tick pГ¤ivГ¤määrГ¤ sivusto Australian naisille burden is usually claimed using switched analysis, that produces results assessment getting actual tick load hard to understand. This study reveals the real tick weight and its particular connection with temperature be concerned indicator within the five Bos taurus breeds situated in around three additional geographic areas of Colombia (the newest Caribbean, Andean and Orinoquia regions). Tick burden on these Colombian cows types was below you to included in a test having fun with steers grazing in the Meta agencies (Orinoquia area). As well, an average tick weight based in the four Colombian types in the the check out (17.cuatro ± 24.6) is leaner than one to noticed in most other exotic countries instance the brand new B. indicus Meru crossbred within the Tanzania (37.5 ± eleven.8) and several B. indicus cows communities (Light Fulani and Bunaji breeds as well as their crossbreds) inside the Nigeria (twenty two ± step 1.4) . The many cows breeds, turf types, grazing management, herding system, climate and you may ecological regions of ticks you are going to explain the large tick burden used in such other studies.
Tick shipments to the cattle government
The brand new tick load to the rump and you can end away from SM (seven.dos ± several.2), ROMO (5.8 ± 10.2) and you can CCC (nine.cuatro ± 15.1) cattle was greater than brand new tick burden found on the butt base, belly and you may flanks (step 1.0 ± 2.cuatro, 4.six ± 6.9 and 7.2 ± eleven.step 1, respectively). These types of efficiency go along with those individuals received from the from inside the Nguni cattle. Such article authors discovered that brand new tick burden into the end and perineum are more than the latest tick burden into the tummy about year. A minimal tick load within the BON, ROMO and you may CCC cattle is actually seen to your direct and you can shoulder followed closely by the back and you can loin. Similarly, Asmaa et al. learned that a minimal number of clicks were noticed inside the vision, shoulder and you may breasts. Presses like undetectable and loving anatomical zones toward creature human anatomy . Which, an appropriate ecosystem having tick success was under the tail and perineum, perhaps discussing the latest high number from presses observed on these human anatomy areas. Concurrently, the rear foot, udder, stomach, fore and you can buttocks flank be a little more exposed to grass, which effortlessly attained because of the clicks. It is exactly why i seen a premier proportion of one’s complete tick load within these human body areas.
Different types of lawn and you can paddocks in which this type of pets provide you will definitely produce differences in tick burden of the anatomical zones. This is exactly substantiated by the comparable percentage of tick burden by the anatomical areas seen toward ROMO and you will CCC types, which were located at an identical fresh channel and you will had been provided with similar variety of grass. Conversely, the brand new tick burden because of the anatomical region is extremely additional within the BON and you will SM breeds, which can be in part explained because of the a separate ecosystem.
Sex, age and you will real time pounds
The higher tick weight present in ladies will abide by the outcome away from Rehman mais aussi al. when you look at the Pakistani cattle, where lady had a somewhat high tick load than simply men. On the other hand, there is certainly a high frequency out-of tick infestation in women (58.7%) than in males (41.5%) when you look at the Egyptian cows . In addition, no high variations have been discover into the infestation prevalence regarding R. microplus between men and women when you look at the Indian cattle and you can North american country cows . On fresh station in which the cattle in regards to our analysis was indeed remaining, bulls received preferential administration since they had sleeping symptoms until the beginning of the second reproduction 12 months, and you may were assigned in paddocks having less stocking speed. On the other hand, cows was basically usually left within large stocking cost. That these conditions obtained by bulls while in the some weeks of one’s 12 months you are going to define the reason we receive a lower life expectancy tick burden inside men compared to the lady inside our data.
